Development of the Rutherford Model
In 1909, Rutherford conducted his famous gold foil experiment. In the experiment, Rutherford and his colleague Hans Geiger bombarded a piece of gold foil with positively charged alpha particles, expecting particles to travel straight through the foil. Instead, many alpha particles ricocheted off of the foil, suggesting that there was something positive these particles were colliding with. They named this positive force the nucleus. The Rutherford Model was created based on this new data.
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The diagram above depicts the expected and the actual results of the gold foil experiment. The diagram on the left shows particles passing through the positively charged matrix of the plum pudding model. The diagram on the right shows a particle ricocheting off of the nucleus in the center of the atom.
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